Based on the graphs, the environment must have favoured, by natural selection, the birds with larger beaks because the species of birds have evolved to have larger beaks.
The eradication of insects by disease must have cause starvation to the small-beaked birds hence causing their demise. In addition, the insects no longer compete for fruits with the large-beaked birds. The plentiful fruits lead to the growth of large beaked birds in the population.
Explanation:
Natural selection fits a population with its environment by favouring individuals with advantageous traits. These individuals outcompete the others for resources and stand greater chances for reaching maturity and passing down their genes to the subsequent generation. This is how species evolve with enviromental changes.
Learn More:
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