Chromosomes are composed of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) mole
There are mainly two molecules that function as genetic material in living organisms.
These are ribonucleic acid(RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA).
The organisms having DNA as genetic material require packaging of DNA as it is a long polymer of deoxyribonucleotides.
In the case of human beings, the length of DNA in a cell is approximately 2.2 meters which is very large as compared to the size of the nucleus( approximately 10^-6 meters).
So, the DNA has to be made compact for it to be present inside the nucleus of a cell.
Therefore, the DNA present inside the nucleus of a cell undergoes coiling and compaction through several stages before finally becoming a chromosome, which is shown in the adjoining diagram.
Thus, chromosomes are composed of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules.
To know more about "DNA Packaging", refer to the following link:
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Liver contains a enzyme called catalase. When hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is added to liver, a chemical reaction occurs which results in the production of oxygen gas (O2) and liquid water (H2O).
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The answer is observations
Answer:
This is an example of "Disruptive selection".
Explanation:
<em>Disruptive selection</em> occurs when <em>selective pressure</em> <em>favor homozygous</em>. In equilibrium, <em>the two alleles might be present or one of them might be lost</em>. If an environment has two extremes, then in these environments, both alleles are presented in homozygous.
The disruptive selection causes an <em>increase</em> in the two types of <em>extreme phenotypes over the intermediate forms</em>. Limits between one extreme and the other are frequently very sharped. Individuals belonging to one phenotype can not live in the same area as individuals belonging to the other phenotype, due to the traits differences between them, competition, or predation.
Populations show two favored extreme phenotypes and a few individuals in the middle. Individuals who survive best are the ones who have traits on the <u>extremes forms</u>. Individuals in <u>the middle</u> are not successful at survival or reproduction.
<em>Color</em> is very important when it comes to <em>camouflage</em>. Dark green caterpillars that live in dark foliage and light green caterpillars that live in light foliage can <em>hide from predators</em> more effectively and will live the longest. Intermediate colored green caterpillars that don't camouflage or blend into either will be eaten more quickly.
Answer:
- Glycine
- Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate
- 3-phosphoglycerate
- Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.
- Glucose
- Sucrose
Explanation:
The glycine, among other amino acids, helps to improve chlorophyll production and promotes the process of photosynthesis.
<u>Calvin cycle</u>
During the carbon fixation phase, a CO² molecule combinate with a ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate to form 6-carbonated molecules, which will divide into two 3-phosphoglycerate molecules.
During the reduction phase, NADPH donates its electrons to reduce 3-phosphoglycerate molecules, and turn them into glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.
During the regeneration phase, a glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate molecule leaves the cycle and goes to the cytosol to form glucose. This step can be done when three CO² enter the cycle and produce six glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate molecules. One of them leaves the cycle to form glucose, while the other five are recycled.
<u>Cytosol: </u>
Once in the cytosol, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate molecules are used to form glucose and fructose. These two molecules are the monosaccharides that form the sucrose.
Once sucrose is formed, it is transported from the photosynthetic tissues to different parts of the plant by the phloem.
