B, C and D are all enlightenment ideas. They are enlightenment ideas, because they emphasize reason and scientific knowledge over religious theory and religious tradition. Diderot's Encyclopedia is a huge mile stone for the Enlightenment Period as it was a huge book of information so that it could educate the masses and there was a general idea during the time that all humans were equal and that elite monarchy and elitism in religion should not exist.
It depends on the country. Some countries have respect for their enemies and would return bodies of fallen soldiers. Others would keep them as trophies. It completely depends on the country.
Live in the US unless granted special permission.
Hope this helps!
I think it is the start of America's regular involvement in Europe
The court came to the decision it was legal because of the Separate-but-Equal Doctrine. They figured that as long as the separate facilities were equal (in that one group didn't have anything better than the other group in the same type of facility) that it satisfied the 14th amendment. Kind of weird to explain, hopefully the helps a bit.