Streptokinase and tissue-type plasminogen activator are used for thrombolytic therapy. They are used to break down clots in some cases of myocardial infarction. Most commonly they are used in case of heart attack, but also <span>pulmonary embolism, and arterial thromboembolism.</span>
Waterborne pathogens can enter coastal waters via leaking sewer pipes and untreated wastewater.
Sewage and untreated wastewaters are filled with microbes some of which are capable of causing diseases to humans and livestock if given the opportunity. Hence, the seeping of these waters into coastal water is a risk to humans who might want to swim or make use of coastal waters.
Precipitation, changing of tides and the interactions of marine organisms and plants will ordinarily not form pathways through which pathogens can gain access to coastal waters.
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Sexual reproduction is associated with Meiosis. In this form of cell division, the number of chromosomes in the parent cells are reduced by half. The cells after division are called haploids. This mechanism is needed to make egg and sperm cells for sexual reproduction.
Answer:
Biosphere is affected directly by the change in the hydrosphere in a natural way for example: the rain that falls from cloud and again the cloud forms by the evaporation of water from the ocean.
Explanation:
- Rain (hydrosphere) falls into the atmosphere from clouds forming the river water and streams in the biosphere.
- Plants and animals are dependent over this rain water for their survival in the form of drinking water for their growth.
- Water then evaporates from the rivers and oceans forming clouds when water vapor condenses.
- In this way living organism are highly affected by the natural process occurred in the hydrosphere.
The correct answer is: The virus has entered the genome of the bacterial cell and is in the lysogenic stage
Lytic cycle and lysogenic cycle are types of a bacteriophage’s life cycle.
Lytic cycle can be divided in stages:
• Attachment-viruses binds to the receptor on the surface of bacterial cell, usually it uses tail for the attachment
• Entrance-virus injects its genome material (DNA or RNA) into bacteria cell
• Replication and protein synthesis-virus uses mechanism of bacteria to replicate its genome and produce proteins. As a consequence, a huge number of new viruses are formed
• Lysis- viruses express protein for the bacterial lysis (bacterial cell expand and burst) and hundreds of new phages are released.
Lysogenic cycle is different: bacteriophage’s genetic material-prophage, integrates into the host bacterium's genome or forms circular replicon in the bacterial cytoplasm. Bacterium continues to live and reproduce normally but prophage can be transmitted to daughter cells.
