burning (it’s a burning ball of gas)
Answer:
Invasive species compete for the same natural resources such as food and water which the native species also need for survival.
Explanation:
Invasive species upset the stability of the ecosystem because the prey in their new environment does not have the needed defense against them. They also upset the food chain, consume so much, and overpopulate in the new territory thus causing the extinction of the native species.
The introduction of brown tree snakes in Guam disrupted the ecological system as their population increased rapidly because their preys in this new environment lacked the ability to defend themselves against the brown tree snakes. For this reason, more than twelve native birds in the Guam Islands went into extinction. They also consumed the natural resources needed for the survival of the native species.
Answer:
When the frequency of stimulation of a muscle increases -without it having the opportunity to relax- a process called summation (addition) occurs, promoting an increase in the generation of force in the isolated skeletal muscle.
Explanation:
Summation is a phenomenon that occurs as a consequence of the arrival of successive stimuli that produce the contraction of the skeletal muscle before it achieves its partial or total relaxation, between subsequent stimuli.
<em>When the summation occurs in the muscle, the force generated on it increases its magnitude proportionally to the number of stimuli received, maintaining the muscle contraction in time</em>.
Tetany is the prolonged contraction of a muscle in an abnormal way, by the summation of stimuli received , as some bacterial toxins can produce. The summation can be temporary -when multiple stimuli reach the muscle in a determined time- or spatial, when the amount of stimuli activates a greater amount of motor units.
Learn more:
Spatial summation in a post synaptic neuron brainly.com/question/9632682
Arthritis
Arthritis is a joint disorder in
which there is inflammation of one or more joints. Arthritis is frequently accompanied by joint
pain. There are many types of arthritis and over 100 have been identified. The causes
of arthritis include injury, metabolic abnormalities, hereditary factors,
effect of infections, and a misdirected immune system. Arthritis is mostly
common among women and occurs as people get older. Severe arthritis can result
in chronic pain, inability to do daily activities and can cause difficulty in walking.
Answer:
In addition to biology, evidence drawn from many different disciplines, including chemistry, geology, and mathematics, supports models of the origin of life on Earth. In order to determine when the first forms of life likely formed, the rate of radioactive decay can be used to determine the age of the oldest rocks (see optional problems C and D, below) exposed on Earth’s surface. These are found to be approximately 3.5 billion years old. The age of rocks can be correlated to fossils of the earliest forms of life. A. The graph compares times of divergence from the last common ancestor based on the fossil record with a "molecular time" constructed by comparing sequences of conserved proteins to determine a mutation rate (after Hedges and Kumar, Trends in Genetics, 2003). Explain how such a molecular clock could be refined to infer time or the evolution of prokaryotes. B. Using a molecular clock constructed from 32 conserved proteins, Hedges and colleagues (Battistuzzi et al., BMC Evol. Biol. 2004) estimated the times during which key biological processes evolved. A diagram based on their work is shown. Connect the time of the origin of life inferred from this diagram with the age of the oldest fossil stromatolites and the age of the oldest exposed rock to show how evidence from different scientific disciplines provides support for the concept of evolution. Evaluate the legitimacy of claims drawn from these different disciplines (biology, geology, and mathematics) regarding the origin of life on Earth. The oldest known rocks are exposed at three locations: Greenland, Australia, and Swaziland. The following application of mathematical methods provides essential evidence of the minimum age of Earth.
Explanation:
