A reinforcer is a stimulus that increases the probability that the behavior will occur again. An example of a reinforcer would be a dog treat. If you want your dog to follow the command "sit", you would follow the behavior with a dog treat, or reinforcer, to ensure that the behavior of "sit" would occur again.
The use of economic, political, cultural or other pressures to control or influence other countries, especially former dependencies
Answer:
he hoped to prevent futurewars
Answer:
There is a pronounced dualism in West Africa.
Explanation:
Dualism is the <em>conceptual separation of 2 premises, ideas</em>, etc. which tend to be opposite points of view.
In this case we can see the dualism in West Africa;
- An <em>"official" legal system</em> which is inherited from the former colonial masters.
- An <em>"unofficial" system</em> which operates beneath the surface.
Both systems, as we can see, are <em>opposed ideologies</em> showing the <em>dualism and separation</em> in West Africa's legal systems.
