How to do this please need help

"Generally describe the series of events via which pyruvate is further processed after glycolysis (assume that this is in the pr

kobusy [5.1K]

Answer:

The product of glycolysis is two molecules of pyruvate. It is a three-carbon compound. This pyruvate again undergoes oxidation in the cytoplasm. This process is called pyruvate oxidation which produces Acetyl CoA. The Acetyl CoA is a two-carbon molecule.

Acetyl CoA again used for the citric acid cycle. This is also called as Kreb's cycle / TCA cycle. Because citric acid has 3 carboxylic groups. The acetyl coenzyme produces NADH, FADH2, ATP. The citric acid cycle occurs in the mitochondrial membrane. This is an 8 step process. The first product is citric acid. The other products of each step are isocitrate, alpha-ketoglutarate, succinyl CoA, succinate, Fumarate, L - malate, and Oxaloacetate (OAA).

Another process of aerobic respiration is the electron transport chain ( ETS). Here the energy stored in NADH, FADH2 in the citric acid cycle are utilized. It is a chain of electron carriers. ETS occurs in the inner membrane of mitochondria.

In short, the glucose splits by glycolysis and produces ATP, NADPH, and final product pyruvate. The pyruvate is oxidized and forms acetyle coenzyme. This is used in the TCA / citric acid cycle. In this process also NADH, FADH2 which forms electrons are produced. Theses electrons are carried by different electron carriers and accepted by oxygen.

In the process of pyruvate oxidation 6 ATP, and in Kreb's cycle 18 ATPs, in ETS, 4 ATPs are produced. In addition to this in glycolysis produces 4 ATPs. The total number of ATP in aerobic respiration is 32 ATP.

8 0

3 years ago

The bacterium E. coli is capable of performing aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration, and fermentation. When would it perfo

Eduardwww [97]

Answer:

1. Aerobic respiration: when oxygen is present.

ATP is made by respiratory linked phosphorylation.

2. Anaerobic respiration: when oxygen is absent. For example, in the gut of mammals.

ATP is made by substrate-level phosphorylation.

3. Fermentation: this is the last resort or least preferred process after aerobic and anaerobic respiration, respectively. This is achieved in conditions of oxygen absence (anaerobic conditions) and when energy (ATP) is not required in high levels.

ATP is made by substrate-level phosphorylation.

Explanation:

Escherichia coli is a Gram-negative species of versatile bacterium that is not only able to grow when oxygen is present (aerobic conditions), but it can also adapt to different conditions and grow in the absence of oxygen using either anaerobic respiration or fermentation. This is a great adaptation because it allows it to grow in a wide variety of environments.

1. Aerobic respiration: when oxygen is present. It is the most preferred mechanism to produce ATP as conditions are optimal.

ATP is made by respiratory linked phosphorylation.

*Metabolism releases energy and is captured by the phosphate bonds of ATP.

2. Anaerobic respiration: when oxygen is absent. For example, in the gut of mammals. The second preferred mechanism to produce energy because it does not produce as much energy as aerobic respiration does.

ATP is generated by substrate phosphorylation.

*Phosphate groups are directly transferred during the conversion of ADP into ATP.

3. Fermentation: this is the last resort or least preferred process after aerobic and anaerobic respiration, respectively, because it produces even less ATP. This is achieved in conditions of oxygen absence (anaerobic conditions) and when energy (ATP) is not required in high levels.

ATP is made by substrate-level phosphorylation.

*Phosphate groups are directly transferred during the conversion of ADP into ATP.

3 0

3 years ago

n the textbooks for this course, Cain et al. define Ecology as"the scientific study of interactions between organisms and their

Strike441 [17]

Answer:

a.i and iii are correct

Explanation:

Biology is the study of the living organism and how they interact with the other components of the environment and among eachother, this is very important because then you can make the inference that biology studies energy as long as it is carried out by organisms and in the cain et al the definition of environment is the abiotic, or non living organisms with which the living organisms interact.

8 0

3 years ago

What is the region of dna that controls the hereditary character

Naily [24]

Genes.Genes are the working unit of the hereditary character of DNA. Genes act as instructions usually coding for a particular protein or function. One form of gene which are called alleles determines the traits that can be passed on from parents to offspring.

7 0

3 years ago

A crew tries to keep a sailing ship on course despite all the changes in the sea and in the weather. How is the crew like the in

artcher [175]

Despite the changes in the ocean, the crew continues to try to maintain course and keep sailing. This is similar to the human body because the internal control system that is found in the human body works together in order to maintain homeostaiss no matter what the external changes are.

4 0

3 years ago