Meninges are membranes that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord.
There are three layers of meninges: Dura mater (closest to the bone), Arachnoid loosely around the brain, Pia mater is closely attached to the brain and spinal cord surface.
Answer and Explanation: Nondisjunction occurs when sister chromatids are not pulled apart at anaphase II. This will cause both sister chromatids/ homologous chromosomes to be pulled to just one pole of the cell.
Since the anaphase I stage in Meiosis I occurred without errors, this would result in four haploid gametes being produced.
However, two of these gametes will be normal, will have the normal number of chromosomes. The other two gametes would have an abnormal number of chromosomes and be aneuploid. One would have n+1 number of chromosomes, and the other would be n-1.
Answer:
on the outer surface of the red blood cell membrane
I'm a little confused by this question. Hypertonic just means that something has more of something than another thing. For example, if you place a cell in a solution, and 2% of the cell is made out of something while the solution is made out of 40% of the same thing, the solution would be hypertonic to the cell. Sorry if that explanation doesn't make sense, I tried my best lol.
Although I'd assume the answer is passive transport as anything that is hypertonic to something else will diffuse down its gradient in an attempt to reach a balance.