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Lady_Fox [76]
4 years ago
15

Explain generaly how Cyclin and Cyclin Dependent Kinase (CDK) work to control the cell cycle.

Biology
1 answer:
tresset_1 [31]4 years ago
8 0

Answer:

Various cyclins are the regulatory proteins that associate with respective cyclin dependent kinases. The cyclin-cdk complex activate or inhibit the proteins required for specific stage of cell cycle by phosphorylation.

Explanation:

Cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) are the protein kinases that are involved in the regulation of the cell cycle. Cyclins are the regulatory proteins whose levels change during the cell cycle. Cyclins associate with their respective cyclin-dependent kinases to activate them. The cyclin-Cdk complex phosphorylates the enzymes and other proteins required for a particular stage of the cell cycle.  

For example, the G1-cdk (the cyclin- G1 specific Cdk complex) allows the cell to enter from G1 to S phase while the G1/S-Cdk complex makes the cell to commit for DNA replication while the S-Cdk complex serves in the initiation of DNA replication. The M-Cdk complex makes the cell to enter the mitosis by phosphorylation of proteins required for various stages of mitosis. Cdks are not activated when not associated with cyclins.  

When the cell is not prepared for cell division, phosphorylation of protein p27 is followed by degradation of the [proteins required for cell division. The protein p27 is one of the inhibitors of cell division.  

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Identify the joints that allow you to chew your favorite foods. A successful response will include: Structural AND functional cl
Slav-nsk [51]

Answer:

TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINTS

Explanation:

The breaking up of food into smaller particles through the combined action of the teeth, muscles and joints is called MASTICATION. This helps to increase the surface area of food to make the enzyme activity easier during digestion.

A joint is a place where two or more bones meet or articulate.The joint involved in mastication( chewing) is called the TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINTS (TMJ). This joint is formed by the articulation of the mandible and the temporal bone of the skull.

Structurally TMJ is classified a s a synovial joint because it possesses articular cartilage on the bone surfaces, and a joint capsule that encloses synovial fluid. While functionally TMJ is classified as diarthrosis joint because it can move freely in different planes.

It's synovial classification it is known as a condyloid joint because it consist of an oval-shaped end of one bone fitting into a similarly oval-shaped hollow of another bone to allow angular movement along two axes. This enables it to have the following different movement:

--> mandibular depression,

--> elevation,

--> lateral deviation (which occurs to both the right and left sides),

-->retrusion and protrusion.

The articulating bones that forms the joint include the mandible and the temporal bone

The TMJ participates in mastication by allowing the movement of the mandible while the temporal bone remains in place

6 0
3 years ago
If you look through a microscope and see a cell with chromosomes lined up two by two, what stage of cellular reproduction must y
Ipatiy [6.2K]

Answer:

2. meiosis I only

Explanation:

During the zygotene stage of prophase-I of meiosis-I, homologous chromosomes synapse and are paired up. These paired homologous chromosomes are called bivalents. These paired homologous chromosomes align themselves at the equatorial plate of the cell during metaphase-I. Therefore, when observed through a microscope, cells are shown lined up two by two. During meiosis-II and mitosis, individual chromosomes with two sister chromatids are aligned at the cell's equator in metaphase.

6 0
3 years ago
A private reptile breeding facility near the Everglades was destroyed by Hurricane Andrew in 1992. This event contributed to the
Angelina_Jolie [31]

Answer:

Claim:

The increase in the population of the Burmese python in Everglades is affecting the ecosystem of said area. They are an invasive species.

Evidence:

From 1994 to 2007, the Burmese python population increased from a small number below 50 species to more than 250 by 2007. As the Burmese population increased, the mammals' population in Everglades decreased significantly and even had extincted some species. For example, from 1993 to 1999, there were 64 white-tailed deer and five red foxes, and grey foxes. Between 2003 and 2011, there were 24 white-tailed deers and 0 foxes. Overall, there is a decrease in all mammals.

Reasoning:

The increasing number of Burmese Pythons due to the release of them by pet owners and due to the destructions of a private reptile breeding facility left a high number of pythons in the wild. As a consequence, these pythons ate other animals producing an imbalance in the Everglades ecosystem. Owing to its large number and how they are harming the ecosystem, they are considered an invasive species.

Explanation:

After analyzing the information, the claim is that the increasing population of pythons harms the Everglades' ecosystem.

The evidence that supports the claim is present in the graphics, where we can see how the population of this reptile grew over the years, and the mammals' population decreased. There is specific information about the reduction in the number of mammals in the area, such as the raccoon, foxes, rabbits, etc.

After presenting the evidence, the reasoning that we can make is that the pythons are killing the other animals in Everglades. Also, we can see that they are not a native species from the area since they were released by pet owners and by a breeding facility by accident. The fact that they are harming the Everglades' ecosystem and that they are not native species makes them an invasive species.

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The answer is C. I hope this helps
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