Answer:
The answer is c)oxygen is an input to acetyl CoA formation.
Explanation:
After pyruvate is produced during glycolysis, its fate depends on oxygen availability. If there is enough oxygen available then pyruvate will enter the citric acid cycle, also called Krebs cycle. Pyruvate will then be oxidized by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex into acetyl-coA and CO2. However, if there is not enough oxygen available, then pyruvate will undergo a reduction reaction by the lactate dehydrogenase enzyme and produced lactate along NAD+ production from NADH.
Nicotine and cigarette smoke extract show acute physiological effects on lungs.
Explanation:
Cigarette smoke contains many chemicals that interfere with the body's method of filtering air and cleaning out the lungs. The smoke irritates the lungs and leads to overproduction of mucus. It also paralyses the cilia which results in accumulation of toxins and mucus, resulting in congestion of the lungs.
Tobacco smoke increases tracheal pressure, pulmonary artery pressure, systemic blood pressure and left atrium pressure. It decreases cardiac output and blood flow to the left lower lobe. It induces bronchoconstriction thus decreases peak flow in healthy subjects. It is also known to cause temporary slowing of mucociliary clearance of the lungs.
- Blood Cell
- Heart Muscle Tissue
- Heart
- Circulatory System
- Fish
A cell is the smallest functioning unit of an organism, so it's the least complex of all. Followed by tissue, the organ (heart), the circulatory system and the organism, which is the fish.
Answer:
3. simple dominant-recessive
Explanation:
The thumb gene also known as the hitchhiker's thumb or bendy thumb is detected by the phenotype of a person. The phenotype is responsible for the physical appearance of people. Dominant and recessive traits comprise of alleles that help in the composition of chromosomes.
Traits that manifest strongly are known as the dominant traits and they are responsible for the straight thumbs found in some individuals. The recessive alleles manifest themselves when the dominant traits are not expressed. This would thus give rise to the bended thumb.