<span>Increased use of surrounding land is not a negative consequence of upward urban growth. </span>
Most important and abundant one are the phospholipids - amphiphatic molecules with an hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic hydrocarbon tails. They compose the membrane bilayer. Also important are the membrane proteins, which can be periheric and internal and can serve as channels, receptors, pumps etc.
Depending on the cell type the membrane can also contain cholesterol (in animal cells, enhances the membrane stability) or hopanes(in prokaryotes, same function as cholesterol) or ether-phospholipids with branched hydroharbon tails(in archaea, make the membranes more stable and resistant to severe conditions, as archaeas are extremophiles)
Amf vold air sinks near the poles.
Dissipate actually means loss or disappearance of energy.
There is energy flow taking place in the ecosystem.In this energy flow,initially plants (producers/first tropic level) make use of solar energy for synthesizing food which is eaten by primary consumers(second tropic level).
During this consumption only ten percent of the total energy produced is transferred from one level to the next. Remaining energy is lost in the form of heat to the ecosystem due to certain metabolic processes occurring in the organism like respiration,growth etc.
Hence this loss of energy in the form of heat to the ecosystem is known as energy dissipation.
