Answer:
Los plasmodesmos forman una ruta importante para la comunicación entre las células vegetales. Regulan la comunicación de célula a célula, permitiendo así la diferenciación de órganos y tejidos vegetales.
Los plasmodesmos facilitan el movimiento de moléculas entre las células, desde pequeños productos fotosintéticos hasta grandes proteínas y ARNm. En el tejido vascular, los plasmodesmos son cruciales para el movimiento de nutrientes. También son cruciales durante el desarrollo porque, a diferencia de las células animales, las células vegetales no se mueven. Por tanto, la expresión correcta de genes tanto temporal como espacialmente es importante. Mientras que las células vegetales, como las células animales, son capaces de interactuar receptor-ligando para enviar señales a otras células, los plasmodesmos ofrecen contacto directo. Además, el tamaño de la manga difiere en diferentes tipos de células y tejidos vegetales. Por tanto, los plasmodesmos son un componente celular activo en el transporte intercelular, durante el desarrollo y en el tejido maduro.
Explanation:
Answer:
Carbon is the chemical backbone of life on Earth. Carbon compounds regulate the Earth’s temperature, make up the food that sustains us, and provide energy that fuels our global economy. Carbon moves from one storage reservoir to another through a variety of mechanisms. For example, in the food chain, plants move carbon from the atmosphere into the biosphere through photosynthesis. They use energy from the sun to chemically combine carbon dioxide with hydrogen and oxygen from water to create sugar molecules. Animals that eat plants digest the sugar molecules to get energy for their bodies. Respiration, excretion, and decomposition release the carbon back into the atmosphere or soil, continuing the cycle. The ocean plays a critical role in carbon storage, as it holds about 50 times more carbon than the atmosphere. Two-way carbon exchange can occur quickly between the ocean’s surface waters and the atmosphere, but carbon may be stored for centuries at the deepest ocean depths. Rocks like limestone and fossil fuels like coal and oil are storage reservoirs that contain carbon from plants and animals that lived millions of years ago. When these organisms died, slow geologic processes trapped their carbon and transformed it into these natural resources. Processes such as erosion release this carbon back into the atmosphere very slowly, while volcanic activity can release it very quickly. Burning fossil fuels in cars or power plants is another way this carbon can be released into the atmospheric reservoir quickly.Human activities have a tremendous impact on the carbon cycle. Burning fossil fuels, changing land use, and using limestone to make concrete all transfer significant quantities of carbon into the atmosphere. As a result, the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is rapidly rising; it is already considerably greater than at any time in the last 800,000 years. The ocean absorbs much of the carbon dioxide that is released from burning fossil fuels. This extra carbon dioxide is lowering the ocean’s pH, through a process called ocean acidification. Ocean acidification interferes with the ability of marine organisms (including corals, Dungeness crabs, and snails) to build their shells and skeletons.
Answer:
alleles are different versions of a gene
Answer:
They concluded that these antibodies were a) Globular proteins
Explanation:
Globular proteins are known to be water-soluble, spherical in shape and to be polypeptides as well. Compared to the other options provided, the selected one is the most correct.
Answer:
8 electrons
Explanation:
This gives each hydrogen atom two electrons in its outer energy level, which is full. It also gives oxygen 8 electrons in its outer energy level, which is also full.
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