Reproduction is the function of both living <u>plants</u> and organisms.
<h3>What is reproduction?</h3>
Reproduction can be defined as a biological process through which all living organisms (parents) produce their offspring, especially through mating.
<h3>The types of reproduction</h3>
Basically, there are two (2) main types of reproduction and these include;
Generally, reproduction is one of the main characteristics of a living organism and plants.
In conclusion, reproduction is a function that is peculiar to both living <u>plants</u> and organisms.
Read more on reproduction here: brainly.com/question/2538465
Answer:
Interspecific competition
Explanation:
Interspecific competition occurs when two different species occupy the same environment as they coexist and depend on the same limited resources for survival. As a result of these limited resources, there's competition between the different species with each species having their different levels of fitness. Their level of fitness determines how well they will complete with other species. This will also determine if they will go extinct or thrive in such environment where there's interspecific competition.
The graph given shows the growth of the relative population size of two different species grown together.
It shows that P. aurelia, with time, outcompetes P. coudatum.
This graph clearly suggest that interspecific competition has occurred. Both species are competing for the same limited resources.
P. aurelia has a greater fitness which enables it to outcompete the other species sharing the same environment with it.
Interspecific competition beats describes the relationship between the two species in graph B.
Prokaryotic bacteria are surrounded by a cell membrane that contains the transport proteins to regulate the entry and exit of materials through the cell, the cell wall to help maintain cell shape and structure, and the capsule, which aids against drying out and protects bacteria from a host's immune system.
<h3><u>Explanation:</u></h3>
Bacteria are the prokaryotic organisms that are found in every part of Earth. These organisms do have an interesting ultrastructure. The coverings of the bacteria are three in layer. They are
A. The outer capsule.
B. The middle cell wall.
C. The inner cell membrane.
The capsule is the outermost covering of bacteria that is formed of different slimy materials. These materials contains hygroscopic substances which can absorb water from the surroundings even when the water concentration in outside is very very low. This layer of protection outside bacteria help them to protect themselves against drying out at dry conditions.
The middle cell wall is formed of polymers of N acetyl glucosamine and N acetyl muramic acid. This layer is chitin in nature and is strong enough to maintain the shape and size of bacteria irrespective of outer conditions.
The innermost layer of bacteria is cell membrane which is formed of proteins and lipids bilayer and this cell membrane contains different transport for proteins which help in transport of different substances like water and nutrients inside the cell by means of active transport or passive diffusion.
Answer: glutamate
Explanation: Given the cascade of events leading to ischemia-produced brain damage, it has been suggested that glutamate antagonists administered immediately after a stroke might reduce the subsequent development of brain damage.
