Full phase occurs when the Moon is on the opposite side of the Earth from the Sun and we see only the illuminated side. On that day it rises as the Sun is setting and sets and the Sun is rising. ... Waning Crescent phase occurs when the eastern edge of the Moon is lit but most of the visible surface is dark.
Until recently, prokaryotes did not contain linear plasmids or chromosomes, but they have since been discovered in spirochaetes, Gram-positive bacteria, and Gram-negative bacteria. Bacterial linear DNA has been classified into two structural kinds. Each end of linear plasmids from the spirochaete Borrelia has a covalently closed hairpin loop, while each end of linear plasmids from the Gram-positive filamentous Streptomyces has a covalently connected protein. In eukaryotic cells, replicons with comparable structures are more common than in prokaryotes. However, linear genomic architectures are likely more widespread in bacteria than previously thought, and some replicons may be able to switch between circular and linear isomers. The molecular biology of these widely scattered pieces reveals information about the origins of linear DNA in bacteria, including evidence of prokaryote-eukaryotes genetic exchange.
Answer:
3. it protects the cell in a hypertonic environment
Explanation:
Cell membranes are made of many things, however, for your question,
Phospholipids make up the largest portion.
Proteins span and line the membrane.
Cholesterol can be found in the phospholipid bilayer.
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