The ratio of girls to boys would be 16:12 because if you divide 28 by 2 you get 14. subtract 2 to on one of them and add the two to the other. You get 12 and 16. There is a difference of 4 to them and when you add them together you get 28. :)
The shading is below the line so it is y ≤ and then the slope is -1/3x because when you go down 1 and 3 units to the right, you get another point. And lastly, the y-intercept is 1.