Answer:
d. less than 100% of the energy captured from sunlight is transformed into potential energy in the form of a hydrogen ion gradient and then into potential energy in the form of covalent bonds
Explanation:
Photosynthesis is process utilized by plants, several bacteria and protists to convert the light energy to chemical energy. So they utilize the photosynthesis as the powerhouse for the energy production. Heterotrophs like human that cannot synthesize their own food, use this converted form of energy by autotrophs.
During the light reaction of photosynthesis the photons from light are absorbed by photosystem I and II. These photons excites the electrons which flow through the electron transport chain from higher potential to lower potential. These electrons release the energy while moving from higher potential to lower potential which is utilized by H+ pump to pump the H+ to lumen of plastids from stroma and of course not the 100% energy is utilized some of the energy dissipates. . So this process causes the accumulation of high potential H+ ions across the membrane. These H+ ions are utilized for the production of ATP by ATP synthase complex when they flow back to lower potential across the membrane through ATP synthase complex.
The ATP and NADPH produced from light reaction are utilized to combine carbon molecules during dark reaction. The covalent bond is used to combine the carbon molecules and we know that combining carbon molecules stores energy in the form of covalent bond.
Answer:
The correct answer would be - mycobacterium, and streptomyces.
Explanation:
Actinobacteria is a phylum that consists of a group of gram-positive bacteria with cytosine and guanine content in their DNA. These bacteria can be aquatic or land bacteria. Actinobacteria do not have cell wall however they make a non-sptate and mycelium.
Mycobacterium is one of the genera of the actinobacterium phylum. This genus includes pathogenic species in it that cause deadly diseases in humans and other mammals such as leprosy and tuberculosis Whereas streptomyces is another genus of the actinobacteria that is yielded the very first drug to fight with the ancient scourge.
Thus, the correct answer is - mycobacterium and streptomyces.
Answer: The phagocyte’s ability to destroy the ingested pathogen is compromised and it will become inactive.
Explanation:
There are different hydrolytic enzymes. Lysozyme attacks cell walls of gram positive bacteria. Elastase is a protease. Collagenase attacks collagen, produced by some bacteria. Plasminogen activator is also a protease.
Loss of function of any one of these enzymes will reduce or prevent the breakdown of bacteria in the phagosome (vacuole) so that the phagocyte is inactivated.
Choose and pick may be an example
