I believe the answer would be opportunity cost. the opportunity cost is the cost to create an item which can result an increase in the price to ensure they make profit
Hartford convention collapsed federalist party and make democratic republic party the only one political party.
Explanation:
Hartford convention was actually a meeting hold on Hartford, United States in mid of 1814. The treaty of Ghent was signed in Hartford convention. After this federalist party collapsed and democratic republican party established as only one political party.
Hartford convention started to give financial assistance to England by federal government. This collapse of federalist party signifies the secession of New England and peace of Britain. The grievances related to the last war of 1812 was the main theme of this series of meeting in Hartford convention.
I believe the answer would be D (all of the above).
France defeated the Arabs in the Battle of Tours