Some balls will drop slower than others.
Answer:
I am pretty sure that the answer is A.
Explanation:
Protein kinases regulate the cell cycle by giving the "go-ahead" or "stop" signal at checkpoints in the cycle. A mutation/disruption in the protein kinases can result in it not doing its job properly. As a result, it can give the 'go-ahead' signal to all cells (mutated or not) to continue through the cell cycle. A distrupted kinase will infleunce the enviornment for a cancer cell as the cancer cell can continue to divide continuously.
I do not think the answer is D because G-couped receptirs are not involed in the regulation of the cell cycle. Additionally, I do not think the answer is C since the production of cAMP (a secondary messgenger amplifies transduction signals; this doesn't have anything to do with cancer?) Finally, between A and B I know that a direct result of cancer is due to a distruption in either protien kinases or growth factors (not in the answer choices). Since one of the factors that leads to cancer is present in answer choice A, I think that is the one. However, this is just my reasoning, I am not 100% sure!
Answer:
Substrate-level phosphorylation, which is a process of forming ATP by the physical addition of a phosphate group to ADP can take place in the cytoplasm during glycolysis or inside the mitochondrial matrix during the Krebs cycle.
Explanation:
Substrate-level phosphorylation is a metabolic reaction that results in the formation of ATP or GTP by the direct transfer of a phosphoryl (PO3) group to ADP or GDP from another phosphorylated compound.
Well a mutation is like a change in the DNA and so if there was a mutation in the antártica fish, something in their genes would change. If that mutation has a positive effect on it, then that mutation would be passed down to the generations of fish, helping that fish with its survival or something
Tyrosine is listed as a non-essential amino acid because it can be synthesised from the essential amino acid phenylalanine.
<u>Explanation:</u>
Amino acids are classified as essential and non essential according to whether they can be synthesized in the body itself or should be supplied by the diet. Essential amino acids cannot be synthesized in the body of the organism and thus can be obtained only from the diet. In the case of human beings, valine, phenylalanine, methionine etc are examples of essential amino acids.
Non essential amino acids can be synthesized within the body of the organism. Thus they need not be supplied by the diet. Alanine, aspartic acid etc are some of the non essential amino acids in human beings. It is given here that animals cannot synthesize tyrosine from shikimate-3p due to the lack of EPSP synthase.
But the amino acid tyrosine can be synthesized from the amino acid phenylalanine which is an essential amino acid. Thus tyrosine will be a non-essential amino acid.
