D. Diary of a wimpy kid is the name of the book so it is the most specific. The next is satire, it means comedy by making fun of someone’s stupidity. The last is comedy, just saying the genre/category of the book.
Periodization is the division of time into periods that show some kind of characteristics, to facilitate the study of history. An example of periodization is distinguishing the Dark Ages as a period.
Among the options periodization is visible in b. dividing China's history based on which dynasty ruled the country.
Baseball is not a popular activity in China