In general, it was people from Portugal who first shipped enslaved Africans to the New World. Although it should be noted that the British and the French soon followed suit.
Because its location made it the crossroads of Europe and Asia.
A) Rosa Parks actions sparked the Montgomery bus boycott. She was forced to move to the back of the bus to give her seat up for a white woman, but refused to. During this time period in the South, African Americans were supposed to sit in the back of the bus, and could only sit in the front of the bus if no Whites were on the bus at the same time.
Because Common land was not a legal concept used by the U.S.