The answer is B. The Age of Jackson.
Evidence:
Reconstituted in 1816, the Bank of the United States continued to stir controversy and partisanship, with Henry Clay and the Whigs ardently supporting it and Andrew Jackson and the Democrats fervently opposing it. The bank ceased operation in 1841.
I would say the Middle east. Specifically the region of the Holy Land (Jerusalem) in Palestine.
The main point of the crusades was the take that land into the possession of the Christians.
Hope that helps
In common sense, Paine suggested that American independence from Britain was an absolute necessity, since he thought it was absurd for such a small island to rule over such a vast territory.