Answer: The fight-or-flight response is most clearly associated with the release of epinephrine into the bloodstream.
Any physiological reaction occurring due to something which frightens physically or mentally is fight-or-flight response. In order to produce the fight-or-flight response the hypothalamus activation of the adrenal cortical system and sympathetic nervous system takes place. On receiving the signal from hypothalamus the sympathetic nervous system makes the actions of body speed up or gets tensed and body is in an alert condition.
The impulses are sent by the sympathetic nervous system to the smooth muscles and also glands. As a response to it epinephrine or adrenaline and the norepinephrine or noradrenaline is released by the adrenal medulla in the bloodstream. These stress hormones thus bring about changes in the body such as increase in blood pressure and heart rate.
Depends upon the temperature of neighboring elements
<u>Explanation:</u>
- The equations of heat flow in solids does not depend on which way flows up.
- The direction of heat flow in a small element within a solid depends on the temperature of its neighboring elements.
- It is due to the fact that only neighboring element can decide that heat can pass from the system or into the system.
- Heat normally flows from hot substance to cold substance.
Bond covalent. monomers are joined together by a dehydration reaction in which two molecules are covalently bonded to each other through the loss of a water molecule
Viruses aren’t actual cells that carry out the properties of a living organism. Instead they take over a healthy cell as their host and reproduce by hosting the cell during cell division. This is what makes them hard to catch. I would say that viruses don’t carry out living processes and that living organisms do. Both can be found in the body. Viruses aren’t actually alive, they need a host whereas living organisms are self sufficient
Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplast, because that’s where the chlorophyl is located.
