Malfunction proteins happen when it changes the instructions for a gene to make a protein. This change or "malfunction" can disrupt any protein and cause not to work at all. When in a mutation occurs and changes the protein, it can change the development and cause serious medical conditions for a person.
Labels of the cell can be found here;
Structure A shows the Chloroplast.
Structure B shows the Golgi Apparatus
Structure C shows the Large Central Vacuole.
Protein malfunction typically occurs in the Chloroplast.
A picture of a cell can be found below for extra clarification if needed.
The answer to this would be D: physical components of the environment, such as rocks and sand. The word "biotic" mean all the living organisms within an ecosystem such as plants and animals.