well, 120,000 has 4 zeros and 12,000 has 3 zeros, so if we divide 120,000 by 10 we get 12,000, just to make it short, 12,000 is one tenth of 120,000 and thus the 10%.
now, 48,000, we know that 120,000 is the 100%, what is 48,000 in percentage off of it?