P I and PII are proteic compounds present in the thylakoid membrane that contain about 300 chlorophyll molecules each.
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<u>Step I</u></em></h2>
First of all light with a wavelength of 690nm is absorbed by P II. The light excites an electron that leads to the photolysis of water(H2O--->2H+ +2e- + 1/2O2). The two electrons released go into the electron transport chain. The second compound in electron transport chain is plastoquinone that is reduced when it accepts electrons then oxidised when it loses them to P I. The next two compounds are cytocromes that make hydrogen protons go inside the thylakoid when they recieve the electrons.(I will mention what happens to the H+ in the second step). The next compound in the electron transport chain is a compound that contains Fe and S. The electrons finally reach the last step: Reduction of NADP+ to NADPH+H+.
<h2><em><u>
Step II</u></em></h2>
In the second step is ATP synthesis. Hydrogen protons accumulate inside the thylakoid membrane. An electrochemical gradient is formed. The protons can leave the thylakoid according to this gradient through an enzyme.
When the protons flow through , it turns ADP into ATP.
<u>To sumarize: the role of P II is O2 production through photolysis and ATP synthesis(indirectly) The role of P I is NADPH+H+ synthesis.</u>
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When tissues are harmed by bacteria, trauma, heat, or any other cause, an inflammatory reaction occurs.
<h3>What happen when a honey bee stings?</h3>
When a honey bee stings or a disease infects damaged cells, chemicals are released. chemicals are a group of substances that include prostaglandins, histamine, and bradykinin. These substances promote swelling by forcing blood vessels to leak fluid into the tissues.
During the inflammatory reaction, the following processes occurred:
Redness, swelling, and loss of function are all symptoms of heat.
Inflammation is the body's natural defense system. Damaged cells, irritants, and infections are recognized by the immune system, white blood cell kills the antigen and stimulates the other defense cell to act. this process is called a macrophage.
Learn more about defence system here:
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I had this same question, so I believe I know what cladogram it is. If I am correct, the answer is that lizards and snakes are more genetically alike than lizards and birds. The cladogram shows that a common ancestor exists between these four vertebrates, but the statement that best explains the genetics showed by this cladogram is that lizards and snakes are more genetically alike than lizards and birds. Hope this helps! (:
Answer:
lizards, snakes, turtles, tortoises, crocodiles, alligators and dinosaurs
Explanation:
Reptiles are air-breathing vertebrates covered in special skin made up of scales, bony plates, or a combination of both. They include crocodiles, snakes, alligators, lizards, turtles, and tor- toises. Also dinosaur is a large reptile which appeared 251 million years ago.
Monocotyledons:<span>Embryos have a single seed leaf, referred to as a cotyledon - hence the name mono (one) cotyledonLeaves have parallel venation and are generally strap-like in appearanceFlowers have petals and floral parts in multiples of threeIn the stem, vascular bundles are scattered and absence of vascular cambium explains absence of secondary growthA pollen grain with one openingRoot system is generally fibrous, shallow and adventitiousStomata can be found on both epidermal layers of monocot leaves. This condition is called amphistomaticExamples of monocot plants are: (grasses) most ornamental turf lawns, (bamboo's) ornamental and wild bamboo's inlcuding sugar cane, (grain plants) rye, rice, wheat, maize (bulbous plants) such as lilies, agapanthus, clivia, orchid varieties, most palm tree varieties</span>
<span>It should be noted that Monocotyledonous plants make up one huge slice of the worlds cereal/ edible crops, the staple diet of literally Billions of people and animals! </span>
Dicotyledons:<span>Embryos have two seed leaves, referred to as cotyledons - hence the name di (two) cotyledon - although dicots now known as eudicots, most people still use the term "dicot"Leaves have branched venationFlowers have petals and floral parts in multiples of four or fiveIn the stem, the vascular tissue is arranged circularly and presence of vascular cambium explains ability to effect secondary growthA pollen grain with three openingsRoot system is generally branched, but taproot basedStomata can only be found in the lower epidermis. So, we describe it as hypostomatic conditionExamples of dicot plants include: (veg) tomatos, peppers, cabbage, beans, peas, (flowers) sunflowers, roses, daisies, violets, petunia, pansy (fruit) apples, pears, cherries, avocardo</span>
