Nelson Mandela was born on July 18, 1918, into a royal family of the Xhosa-speaking Thembu tribe in the South African village of Mvezo, where his father, Gadla Henry Mphakanyiswa (c. 1880-1928), served as chief. His mother, Nosekeni Fanny, was the third of Mphakanyiswa’s four wives, who together bore him nine daughters and four sons. After the death of his father in 1927, 9-year-old Mandela—then known by his birth name, Rolihlahla—was adopted by Jongintaba Dalindyebo, a high-ranking Thembu regent who began grooming his young ward for a role within the tribal leadership.
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A
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burden by grief, he abandoned politics,
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Dred Scott case
Explanation:
The Dred Scott case happened in 1846, when a slave Dred Scott sued for his freedom. His master had brought him along on a trip to a territory where slavery was prohibited, and Scott said that by that right, he had become a free man. However, the Supreme Court upheld the practice of slavery, saying that slaves had no right to bring their cases to court, as they were considered sub-human. This decision stunned the nation, yet the Supreme Court stood by their choice.
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Giving the ability to read and write
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If the slaves could read or write, there was a possibility of them freeing themselves by forging their owner's signature on a contract.
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A. China lost the Sino-Japanese
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