Answer:
The carbon cycle is nature's way of reusing carbon atoms, which travel from the atmosphere into organisms in the Earth and then back into the atmosphere over and over again. Most carbon is stored in rocks and sediments, while the rest is stored in the ocean, atmosphere, and living organisms.
Explanation: i hope this helped
Answer:
C
Explanation:
Plants and Animals breathe in carbon and convert the carbon molecules into oxygen!
Answer:
Symptoms
Signs and symptoms of hemophilia vary, depending on your level of clotting factors. If your clotting-factor level is mildly reduced, you may bleed only after surgery or trauma. If your deficiency is severe, you may experience spontaneous bleeding.
Signs and symptoms of spontaneous bleeding include:
- Unexplained and excessive bleeding from cuts or injuries, or after surgery or dental work
- Many large or deep bruises
- Unusual bleeding after vaccinations
- Pain, swelling or tightness in your joints
- Blood in your urine or stool
- Nosebleeds without a known cause
- In infants, unexplained irritability
Bleeding into the brain
A simple bump on the head can cause bleeding into the brain for some people who have severe hemophilia. This rarely happens, but it's one of the most serious complications that can occur. Signs and symptoms include:
- Painful, prolonged headache
- Repeated vomiting
- Sleepiness or lethargy
- Double vision
- Sudden weakness or clumsiness
- Convulsions or seizures
Causes
When you bleed, your body normally pools blood cells together to form a clot to stop the bleeding. The clotting process is encouraged by certain blood particles. Hemophilia occurs when you have a deficiency in one of these clotting factors.
There are several types of hemophilia, and most forms are inherited. However, about 30% of people with hemophilia have no family history of the disorder. In these people, an unexpected change occurs in one of the genes associated with hemophilia.
Acquired hemophilia is a rare variety of the condition that occurs when a person's immune system attacks clotting factors in the blood. It can be associated with:
- Pregnancy
- Autoimmune conditions
- Cancer
- Multiple sclerosis
Treatment
Several different types of clotting factors are associated with different varieties of hemophilia. The main treatment for severe hemophilia involves receiving replacement of the specific clotting factor that you need through a tube placed in a vein.
This replacement therapy can be given to combat a bleeding episode that's in progress. It can also be administered on a regular schedule at home to help prevent bleeding episodes. Some people receive continuous replacement therapy.
Replacement clotting factor can be made from donated blood. Similar products, called recombinant clotting factors, are manufactured in a laboratory and aren't made from human blood.
Other therapies may include:
- Desmopressin. In some forms of mild hemophilia, this hormone can stimulate your body to release more clotting factor. It can be injected slowly into a vein or provided as a nasal spray.
- Clot-preserving medications. These medications help prevent clots from breaking down.
- Fibrin sealants. These medications can be applied directly to wound sites to promote clotting and healing. Fibrin sealants are especially useful in dental therapy.
- Physical therapy. It can ease signs and symptoms if internal bleeding has damaged your joints. If internal bleeding has caused severe damage, you may need surgery.
- First aid for minor cuts. Using pressure and a bandage will generally take care of the bleeding. For small areas of bleeding beneath the skin, use an ice pack. Ice pops can be used to slow down minor bleeding in the mouth.
- Vaccinations. Although blood products are screened, it's still possible for people who rely on them to contract diseases. If you have hemophilia, consider receiving immunization against hepatitis A and B
An immunoglobulin molecule of any class with regions symbolized as C or V, H or L, has a light chain made up of one C region and one V region.
The glycoproteins known as immunoglobulins (Ig), often known as antibodies, are created by plasma cells. A number of immunogens, including bacterial proteins, promote B cells' conversion to plasma cells. These cells, which make proteins, are involved in humoral immune reactions to bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, cellular antigens, chemicals, and synthetic compounds. Using a B-cell receptor, the immunogen or antigen adheres to the B cells' cell surface (BCR).
As a result, a signal is generated that directs the activation of transcription factors, leading to the manufacture of highly specific antibodies for the immunogen that initially activated the B cell. Furthermore, one B cell clone produces immunoglobulin (specificity). Two light chains and two heavy chains that alternate in a light-heavy-heavy-light pattern make up antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins. Therefore, choice A is the right response.
Learn more about immunoglobulins here, brainly.com/question/28203010
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