Answer:
option d is correct. the existence of land bridges between continents.
Explanation:
landland bridge theory which was used to explain why species would end up continents over, such as mammoth travelling to North America, thisthis theory was based on the idea that water eventually Rose to cover these bridges rather than the at having individual plates that moved away from each other.
The bodies immune response includes all of those cells to help destroy pathogens that wish to bestow havoc on the beautiful homeostasis of the body.
Catalysis An enzyme may catalyse a reaction by stressing or
destabilizing the bonds of the substrates. This point in the enzymatic reaction
is known as the Transition State. An
enzyme can couple a nonspontaneous reaction to a spontaneous reaction so that
anabolic processes will occur.
The sensory receptors refer to the portions of the nervous system, which sense variations in the external or internal surroundings. The sensory input can be in various forms, comprising taste, pressure, light, sound, pH of blood, or levels of hormones, which are transformed into a signal and are transmitted to the brain or spinal cord.
In the sensory centers of the brain, the barrage of information is integrated and a response is produced. The response, that is, a motor output refers to a signal conducted towards organs via motor neurons, which then transforms the signal into some kind of action, like changes in heart rate, movement, discharge of hormones, and others.
Answer:
A) 6
Explanation:
Complex III of the electron transport chain transfers four protons across the membrane during aerobic respiration, per pair of electrons. In the other hand, complex IV is responsible for transporting two protons (per pair of electrons) across the membrane.
If the given compound injects a pair of electron into complex III, four protons will accumulated due to complex III activity and then two more protons as these electrons move forward to complex IV. This means a total of 6 protons being transported to intermembrane space.
