Answer:
Option C is correct.
The p-value in this case is the probability of getting data like that observed or more extreme (i.e., getting an observed invitation rate of 33% or higher) assuming that;
The social strategies did not increase the rate of invitations for female colleagues.
Step-by-step explanation:
The p-value is actually defined as the probability of obtaining results as extreme as the observed results in the statistical analysis provided that the null hypothesis is true.
The standing condition for the p-value definition is the assumption that the null hypothesis is true, then it is the probability of getting the extreme result (usually not due to just random chance), that is usually observed, being tested for and contained in the alternative hypothesis.
Normally, in hypothesis testing, especially one comparing two sets of data, the null hypothesis plays the devil's advocate and usually takes the form of the opposite of the theory to be tested. It usually contains the signs =, ≤ and ≥ depending on the directions of the test. It usually maintains that, with random chance responsible for the outcome or results of any experimental study/hypothesis testing, its statement is true.
The alternative hypothesis usually confirms the theory being tested by the experimental setup. It usually contains the signs ≠, < and > depending on the directions of the test. It usually maintains that significant factors other than random chance, affect the outcome or results of the experimental study/hypothesis testing and result in its own statement.
Since this test aimed to test whether the rate of invitation of women to outside work events after using the social strategies, the null hypothesis for the question would be that there is no significant difference in the rate of invitation of the women after using the social strategies while the alternative hypothesis would be that the social strategies worked and the rate invitation of women to outside of work events increased.
So, the null hypothesis that we need to assume was true in the p-value definition is that; the social strategies did not increase the rate of invitations for female colleagues.
This is option C!
Hope this Helps!!!
