What are the three fundamental principals of mnemonics??
2 answers:
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Answer:
Here is the JAVA program. Let me know if you need the program in some other programming language.
import java.util.Scanner; // used for taking input from user
public class Main{ //Main class
public static void main(String[] args) {//start of main() function body
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in); // creates a Scanner type object
String input; // stores input series
int sum = 0; //stores the sum of the series
System.out.println("Enter a series of numbers separated by commas: "); //prompts user to enter a series of numbers separated by comma
input = scan.nextLine(); //reads entire input series
String[] numbers = input.split("[, ]"); //breaks the input series based on delimiter i.e. comma and stores the split sub strings (numbers) into the numbers array
for (int i = 0; i < numbers.length; i++) { //loops through each element of numbers array until the length of the numbers reaches
sum += Integer.parseInt(numbers[i]); } // parses the each String element of numbers array as a signed decimal integer object and takes the sum of all the integer objects
System.out.println("Sum of all the numbers: " + sum); } } //displays the sum of all the numbers
Explanation:
The program prompts the user to enter a series separated by commas.
Then split() method is used to split or break the series of numbers which are in String form, into sub strings based on comma (,) . This means the series is split into separate numbers. These are stored in numbers[] array.
Next the for loop iterate through each sub string i.e. each number of the series, converts each String type decimal number to integer using Integer.parseInt and computes the sum of all these integers. The last print statement displays the sum of all numbers in series.
If the input is 7,9,10,2,18,6
Then the output is: 7+9+10+2+18+6
sum = 52
The program and its output is attached.
Answer:
<?php
function word_count($string){ // function that takes a string a parameter and returns the number of words in that string
$space = 0; // this variable is used in order to detect space, new line and tab spaces in a string
$words = 1; // this variable is used to identify word presence in string
$include = $space; //used to maintain the state of $words and $space
$counter = 0; // this counts the number of words in the string
$i = 0; //this moves through each character of the string
while ($i < strlen($string)){ // iterates through every character of string until the last character of string is reached
if ($string[$i] == " "||$string[$i] == "\n" || $string[$i] == "\t") //if the space or new line or tab space is identified in the string
$include = $space; //set the state of include as space if the next character is a space newline or a tab space
else if ($include == $space) { //if next character is a word and current state i.e. $include holds $space
$include = $words; // then set the state i.e. $include as $words
++$counter; } //increments i to move to next character at each iteration
++$i; } //returns the number of words in a string
return $counter; }
$str = "Hello, how are you "; //sample string
echo "Words: " . word_count($str); // calls word_count function to return number of words in str.
?>
Explanation:
The program has a function word_count that accepts a string as its parameter and returns the number of words in the string. In the function there are three variables $space and $words and $include used as state variables. For instance $space identifies space, new line and tab spaces in the $string so it specifies that a space has occurred. $words identifies words in the $string so it specifies that a word has occurred. $include holds this state information. $i moves through every character of the $string and when a space occurs in the $string then the state $include is set to $space. When a word occurs then state $include is set to $words. $counter variable, which is used to count the number of words is incremented to 1 when previous state is $space and next character is a word character. Every time a word is seen in the string, this variable is incremented to 1 to keep track of number of words in the string. When $i reaches the end of the string then this loop stops and counter returns the number of words in the $string.
