Question

Which of the following is UNLIKELY to affect bone remodeling?

Answer 1

Glucagon

This is a hormone that deals with blood sugar homeostasis. When blood sugar levels are low, glucagon is produced to convert the fats in the reserve back to glucose until normal levels are achieved.

Explanation:

Bone remodeling involves coordinations of osteoclasts and osteoblasts cells in the bone. The former breaks down bone tissue while the latter mineralizes bones. Calcium is the main ion in the body significant in mineralization of bone. Excess Ca2+ is stored in bone while low calcium levels in blood result in bone resorption.  

Stress on a bone also causes increased mineralization to strengthen the bone against this stress. This is why astronauts when they go to space, due to less stress from low gravity, bone loses its mass. When they return back to earth, the bone readjusts to the increased stress from higher gravity by increased mineralization.

The hormone responsible for bone homeostasis is parathyroid hormone.

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