Answer: state of nature / social contract
Explanation:
Theorists like Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, developed different theories about the state of nature and the social contract, although their underlying ideas shared some similarities.
The state of nature refers to a real or hypothetical condition of humanity before any political association, and the social contract would be also either a real or hypothetical understanding about the rights and duties of the rulers and the ruled people.
Japan felt disrespected by the treaty of Portsmouth provisions, because "it did not get to keep all of the territory that it was promised"--mostly due to the fact that there was very little oversight of the treaty terms.
The second answer choice is correct. The north was industrialized and depended on manufactured goods. The south was rural and depended on grown goods.
