The dynamic Han Dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE) witnessed a significant revival in Chinese art<span>, compared to the preceding era of </span>Qin Dynasty art<span> (221-206 BCE). </span>Chinese pottery<span> (notably ceramic figurines), jade carving (notably jade suits), silk weaving and </span>Chinese painting<span> (on paper) were three areas of particular achievement. It is believed, for instance, that the earliest examples of </span>Chinese porcelain<span> was produced in the province of Zhejiang during the late Eastern Han (100-200 CE). Founded by Emperor Gaozu, the Han Dynasty divides into two periods: the </span>Western Han<span> (206 BCE – 9 CE), with its capital at Changan (second only to Rome as the largest city in the ancient world), in present-day Shaanxi Province; and the </span>Eastern Han<span> (25–220 CE) whose capital was further east at Luoyang (the headquarters of the ancient Zhou Dynasty), in present-day Henan Province. A progressive period of Chinese history, the Han Dynasty was responsible for numerous technological and scientific achievements, including water clocks, sundials, astronomical instruments, and the development of paper. Ideologically, it was greatly influenced by the ethics and philosophy of </span>Confucianism<span>, although traces of Legalism and Daoism from the earlier Zhou Dynasty remained. Under Emperor Wudi (141–86 BCE), China regained control of lands first conquered by Emperor Qin Shihuang, including parts of southern China and northern Vietnam. In addition, the subdugation of parts of central Asia in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan gave Han emperors control of important trade routes to Europe, and thus outlets for its silks and gold. By 166 CE, a direct link to Rome had been established, resulting in imports of ivory and tortoiseshell.</span>
The painting shown is depicting the fall of the Byzantine Empire by war, and by the fall of its capital, Constantinople. In this painting we can see the walls of Constantinople being defended by the Byzantine forces, but the Ottomans manage to over come them by both land and sea. The Ottomans are getting up the defense walls and get into Constantinople, largely outnumbering the defense forces, and capture the city. The fall of Constantinople marks the end of the great Byzantine Empire that lasted a whole millennium more then its western counterpart, the Roman Empire.
Farming Frontier -Pioneers moved west through a desire to make their fortune through the farming of previously unfarmed lands – too many people it was regarded as an extremely exciting opportunity, a chance of a new life. <span>-The attraction of cattle farming encouraged people to move out west.</span>
The primary reason for European colonization of Africa was capitalism. European nations saw an opportunity for new trade routes and potential wealth in some of Africa's natural resources. The geographical limitations of Europe were also a factor.
The Aztec civilization was also highly developed socially, intellectually and artistically. It was a highly structured society with a strict caste system; at the top were nobles, while at the bottom were serfs, indentured servants and enslaved workers
