Answer:
The Roman Republic became the Roman Empire in 27 BCE when Julius Caesar’s adopted son, best known as Augustus, became the ruler of Rome. Augustus established an autocratic form of government, where he was the sole ruler and made all important decisions. Although we refer to him as Rome’s first emperor, Augustus never took the title of king or emperor, nor did his successors; they preferred to call themselves princeps, first citizen, or primus inter pares, first among peers. This choice of title maintained the appearance of limited power that had been so important under the Republic.
Many of the reforms enacted by Augustus and his successors had a deep and lasting impact on the internal political and economic structures of Rome.
Pax Romana—literally “Roman peace”—is a term often given to the period between 27 BCE and 180 CE during which Roman rule was relatively stable and war less frequent. There were conflicts, such as provincial revolts and wars along the frontier—see the map below showing the extent of Roman control—but Rome experienced nothing like the civil wars that dominated much of the first century BCE. The emperors and the Senate took over most elections and simply chose who they wanted for office, so there were fewer elected political offices to fight over.
Augustus—who, it should be pointed out, came to power through victory in a civil war—ended a string of damaging internal conflicts. Internal stability had positive effects on foreign relations. Because the political and social structures of the empire that Augustus established remained largely unchanged for several centuries, Rome was able to establish regular trade with India and China, further increasing its material wealth through more peaceful means.
Explanation:
After the defeat in WWII, Germany's capital, Berlin was divided into four zones which were separately governed by France,Britain,US and the USSR. In 1946,the three nations merge the zone of France, Britain and US to be governed by one government, USSR strongly protested against it as the merged zones account for 75% of Germany's original population. In reaction,USSR cut off all land routes linking Berlin and the Western zone,claiming that it was to protect USSR's economy. The event was known as Berlin Blockade.
The industrialized nations build transcontinental railroads because of economic reasons, transportation, and travelling.
Explanation:
The industrialized nations are the most developed nations in the world. In order for these countries to further develop, and to function even more smoothly, they have engaged into numerous projects, and one of those projects has been the building of transcontinental railroads. These types of railroads managed to increase the connectivity throughout the nations, or between several nations.
The benefits of the transcontinental railroads can be seen in several things. The economy benefits greatly from them, because the trains are able to carry the most goods on land, and it is also the cheapest manner. The people are able to move on large distances very quickly, with the newest trains being able to reach speeds of 400, 500, and even 600 km/h. Countries that have built such railroads are:
- The United States
- Russia
- China
Learn more about the first American railroads brainly.com/question/13015908
#learnwithBrainly
Answer:
In search of fame and fortune, Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan (c. 1480-1521) set out from Spain in 1519 with a fleet of five ships to discover a western sea route to the Spice Islands. En route he discovered what is now known as the Strait of Magellan and became the first European to cross the Pacific Ocean. The voyage was long and dangerous, and only one ship returned home three years later. Although it was laden with valuable spices from the East, only 18 of the fleet’s original crew of 270 returned with the ship. Magellan himself was killed in battle on the voyage, but his ambitious expedition proved that the globe could be circled by sea and that the world was much larger than had previously been imagined.
Try your best to summarize, hope this helps :)
