Ultimately, Henry and Mason prevailed, and the Eighth Amendment was adopted. James Madison changed "ought" to "shall", when he proposed the amendment to Congress in 1789.
I believe the answer is: b. loss of money for candidates
The seventeenth amendment Regulate the appointment process of senate and prevent the candidates to use government's budget to fund their campaign.
In order to win, the candidates have to obtain the majority through popular votes by the people of the state and search for their campaign fund by using their own money or outside contributor.
They interpreted it so that people are allowed to have weapons even if they're not associated to a militia or the army or the police force and can use them for self defense. The legislation that prohibited people from having weapons or that forced them to keep them unloaded and in pieces was determined to be unconstitutional and people were allowed to have weapons if they wanted to have them.
