Answer:
The confluence of an increasing prevalence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), clinical trial data suggestive of benefit from quotidian dialysis, and ongoing cost/benefit reanalysis of healthcare spending have stimulated interest in technological improvements in provision of ESRD care. For the last decade, our group has focused on enabling technologies that would permit a paradigm shift in dialysis care similar to that brought by implantable defibrillators to arrhythmia management. Two significant barriers to wearable or implantable dialysis persist: package size of the dialyzer and water requirements for preparation of dialysate. Decades of independent research into highly efficient membranes and cell-based bioreactors culminated in a team effort to develop an implantable version of the University of Michigan Renal Assist Device. In this review, the rationale for the design of the implantable artificial kidney is described.
Explanation:
Consent is NOT given if:
- A person simply states no; no is a clear given answer that consent is not being specified.
- A delay in speech, a stutter or hesitation.
- The person is under the influence of drugs or alcohol, that may make them react differently than normal.
- The person is very slowed and tired, closing their eyes while speaking, laying down, etc.
Consent IS given if:
- When asked the person says yes quickly, eagerly, and is not under the influence of any brain altering drug or alcohol.
- The person appears wide awake, does not slur or stutter, and makes best attempt to show they are interested.
Have a doctor evaluate her for the use of a bed roll belt restraint.
Parasitism, that should be the correct answer for this question!
