The Black Panther Party was formed in 1966 in Oakland, California. The influence of the movement can be felt to this day across many struggles that are still being fought by the African-American community. In its inception the aim of this political group was to arm citizens so as to safeguard and control police brutality against the African-American community, a problem that, again, is still relevant in today´s USA. Their activities also included social and community programs.
Before the Roman Republic was transformed into an empire, the nation had a Senate and an executive branch with Consul's acting as leaders of the nation. Rome had an representation in place that was very advanced for an ancient civilization.