Some examples: Fleeing crop failure, land and job shortages, rising taxes, and famine, wars, laws
The bakufu was actually the dwelling and housing of a Shogun. Later on, this was the term that became synonymous with a government of feudal military dictatorship. The first bakufu government was established during the period came to be known as Kamakura Bakufu. This term is also closely associated with headquarters or the administration of a general in the battlefield.
It was significant because it changed how people were represented, meaning that more people got suffrage rights and "rotten burroughs" were removed to prevent extremely rich people from places where there's not many people to have high electoral power. The idea that only house owners can vote was changed to anyone who lives in the UK.
They wanted to find a faster way to the East Indies.