Ileostomy is a procedure where the end of the small intestine, called the ileum, is brought out of an opening in the belly through surgery. The opening is called a stoma, and its shiny, bright red in color. It is often done after the large intestine has been removed due to cancer or serious physical injuries. Having a stoma, and the need of emptying it several times a day, is disfiguring so the patient often suffer from poor self image. The patient in the case, may be concerned of being unable to continue romantic relationships due to having a stoma. As a nurse, make sure to first make patient understand that ileostomy surgery does not involve the reproductive organs or the gonads. Then, acknowledge that while having a stoma is disfiguring, many organizations are helping increase awareness and acceptance of those who have the condition. Refer the patient to such local stoma advocacy organizations.
Answer:
1. Vestigial organs.
2. Homologous structures.
3. Analogous structures.
Answer:
Because of niche partitioning or differentiation.
Explanation:
Competition is a common ecological and evolutive process in nature. Competition might be intra- or interspecific. Competition between different species in a community or ecosystem might be due to the same resource use, or the same territory, shelter, etcetera. When a resource is useful for two or more species and limited, they compete to gain it.
The <u>principle of competitive exclusion</u> states that different species with the same requirements sharing the niche can not coexist indefinitely based on the same limited resource. <u>When two competing species coexist, this is because of niche partitioning or niche differentiation.</u>
Differentiation of effective niche is closely related to character displacement. Resource partitioning and differentiation allow both species to coexist more effectively.
In the exposed example, swallows and bats feed on insects and breed in similar habitats. However, swallows feed during the day, while bats feed during the night. Feeding at different times is an example of niche differentiation. In this way, both species can inhabit the same area and feed on the same source of food, but avoid competition.
The intermediate disturbance hypothesis predicts that communities with intermediate levels of disturbance will have the most diversity. If disturbances become too rare, competitive dominants will eliminate other species, reducing diversity as equilibrium conditions develop.
The intermediate disturbance hypothesis predicts that the highest levels of diversity will occur at moderate disturbance levels. We investigated the species diversity, abundance, and species diversity of bacteria on the human body in relation to washing disturbance. According to IDH theory, diversity is maximized at intermediate levels of disturbance because species that thrive at both early and late successional stages can coexist. The intermediate disturbance hypothesis (IDH) proposes that when ecological disturbance is neither too rare nor too frequent, local species diversity is maximized.
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