Answer:
Explanation:
The genes in DNA encode protein molecules, which are the "workhorses" of the cell, carrying out all the functions necessary for life. For example, enzymes, including those that metabolize nutrients and synthesize new cellular constituents, as well as DNA polymerases and other enzymes that make copies of DNA during cell division, are all proteins.
In the simplest sense, expressing a gene means manufacturing its corresponding protein, and this multilayered process has two major steps. In the first step, the information in DNA is transferred to a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule by way of a process called transcription. During transcription, the DNA of a gene serves as a template for complementary base-pairing, and an enzyme called RNA polymerase II catalyzes the formation of a pre-mRNA molecule, which is then processed to form mature mRNA (Figure 1). The resulting mRNA is a single-stranded copy of the gene, which next must be translated into a protein molecule.
During translation, which is the second major step in gene expression, the mRNA is "read" according to the genetic code, which relates the DNA sequence to the amino acid sequence in proteins (Figure 2). Each group of three bases in mRNA constitutes a codon, and each codon specifies a particular amino acid (hence, it is a triplet code). The mRNA sequence is thus used as a template to assemble—in order—the chain of amino acids that form a protein
But where does translation take place within a cell? What individual substeps are a part of this process? And does translation differ between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? The answers to questions such as these reveal a great deal about the essential similarities between all species.
The answer is - Never.
40 degrees of latitude, be it on the southern or northern part of the Earth, never gets direct sunlight throughout the year. This is due to the fact that the Earth's inclination is not that big so that the sunlight can fall directly on this latitude, in fact, the inclination of the Earth allows the sunlight to fall directly on the surface only to the lines of 23.5 degrees north and south of the Equator.
Answer:
A physical change effects a substance physically. Examples include cutting, bending, dissolving, freezing, boiling, and melting.
A chemical change effects a substance chemically. Examples include burning, rusting, and digesting.
Hope this helps.
1. The branches of the bronchial tree ultimately ends at the alveoli.
Bronchial tree consist of bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli. Bronchi are formed as the lower part of the trachea divides into two tubes. Bronchioles are smaller tube divisions of the bronchi. It walls contain smooth muscle and no cartilage. Alveoli are tiny ends of the alveolar ducts, which functions as the site for gaseous exchange.
2. Blood flows from the left atrium; mitral (bicuspid valves), the left ventricle, aortic valve, aorta, veins and heart, right side of the heart, superior and inferior vena cavae, right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, pulmonary trunk, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary veins, then back to the heart...
3. Arteries and the veins differ in structures and they way they functions; Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body (except pulmonary artery) while veins carry deoxygenated blood back from the body to the heart (except pulmonary veins). A structural differences includes; the veins contain valves while arteries lack. Arteries have narrow lumen while veins have wide lumen. Lastly, blood carried by veins has higher pressure compared to blood carried in vessels.
4. The circulatory and respiratory systems work together to circulate blood and oxygen throughout the body. Air moves in and out of the lungs through the trachea, bronchi, and the bronchioles. Blood moves in and out of the lungs throgh the pulmonary arteries and veins that connect to the heart.
5. The cartilage rings of the trachea
They are strong but flexible tissues which support the trachea or the windpipe while still allowing it to move and flex during breathing. Additionally these cartilage rings are C-shaped to provide room for the esophagus, which lies along the back side of the trachea.
6. Functions of the larynx includes;
To protect the airway from choking on material in the throat
to regulate the flow of air into our lungs
The production of sounds used for speech
Larynx is part of the respiratory system and is located between the pharynx and the trachea. Humans use larynx to breathe, talk and swallow.
7. Structures that make up the pathway of air through the respiratory system starting with the external nares; We start with; External nares, nasal cavity, internal nares, nasopharynx, laryngopharynx,oropharynx, larynx, trachea, primary bronchus, secondary bronchus, tertiary bronchus, bronchiole, terminal bronchiole, respiratory bronchiole, alveolar duct, alveolar sac and alveolus.
With respect, G0 meaning what?
