Answer:
Substitution
Explanation:
Principle of subsitution states that no consumer should buy a product for a high price of he can get an alternative (duplicate) that is of a cheaper price.
Substitutes are alternatives that provide similar satisfaction to the customer.
When the price of one product goes up the customer has a choice of going for an alternative.
For example honey and sugar are substitutes. When the price of one goes down people will go for the cheaper alternative. This acts as a price control mechanism.
Answer:
Effect on income= $120,000 loss
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Sales $320,000
Variable costs $200,000
Fixed costs $140,000.
None of the fixed costs are avoidable. Therefore, they shouldn't be taken into account to make the decision.
Effect on income= Sales - varaible cost
Effect on income= 320,000 - 200,000= $120,000 loss
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Answer:
Real purchasing power increase= 2.16%
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
You deposit $1,900 in your savings account that pays an annual interest rate of 3.25%. The inflation rate is 1.09%.
In this example, we have two different and opposite effects. The interest rate increases your purchasing power. If the inflation rate is 0, the purchasing power will increase (in one year) 3.25%.
The inflation rate decreases the purchasing power of nominal income.
Real purchasing power increase= annual interest rate - inflation rate
Real purchasing power increase= 3.25 - 1.09= 2.16%