Answer:The history of the favelas of Rio de Janeiro begins in the final years of the nineteenth century as Brazil transitioned from an empire to a republic. As the nation continued to undergo dramatic political changes throughout the course of the twentieth century, the slums of its second-largest city grew in size and number, in turn experiencing significant changes of their own. Initially, these communities were loosely incorporated squatter settlements that sprang up organically in order to house internal migrants and itinerant laborers. As they became more numerous and increasingly populated by a burgeoning urban underclass, favela residents began to organize internally, forming associações de moradores, or residents’ associations. These organizations served as forums for deliberating matters of community governance, in addition to acting as liaisons between favelados (favela residents) and the prefeitura (city hall). Since the city and state governments failed to extend many public services to the favelas, community members, led by their local associations, banded together to provide sanitation, medical care, and transportation to their friends and neighbors.
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<span>The Classical Period or Golden Age of Greece, from around 500 to 300 BC, has given us the great monuments, art, philosophy, architecture, and literature which are the building blocks of our own civilization. The two most well-known city-states during this period were the rivals: Athens and Sparta.
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In 1985, Mikhail Gorbachev became the leader of the Soviet Union.Gorbachev saw that the arms race with the United States and the war in Afghanistan had the potential to bankrupt the Soviet Union. Gorbachev was a reformer. He believed that political and economic reforms went together, and if the Soviet economy was not reformed, it could collapse Under his policy of glasnost—speaking openly about Soviet problems—Soviet citizens were allowed to criticize the government.Finally, Gorbachev wanted to improve relations with the United States. In 1987, Gorbachev and Reagan agreed to a new arms treaty in which the Soviet Union and the United States each pledged to eliminate short- and medium-range nuclear missiles.
