Question

Match the following terms and definitions. 1. alternative form for a specific gene (either dominant or recessive) hybrid 2. can prevent the allele from being expressed in a pair of genes heterozygous 3. the genes present in an organism homozygous 4. a pair of non-identical genes that influence a trait in different ways dominant 5. a pair of genes that are identical in the way they influence a trait allele 6. offspring from a cross between parents; has different phenotypes for a specific trait

Answer 1

The answers would be:

1. Allele - alternative form for a specific gene (either dominant or recessive)

2. Dominant - can prevent the allele from being expressed in a pair of genes

3. Genotype - the genes present in an organism

4. Heterozygous - it is a pair of non-identical genes that influence a trait in different ways.

5. Homozygous - a pair of genes that are identical in the way they influence a trait.

6. Hybrid - offspring from a cross between parents; has different phenotypes for a specific trait.

Here's a little bit more on the topic to help you out in the future:

Alleles are variant forms of genes. Each allele is found in a specific location of a chromosome and that location determines the trait that will be expressed.

There are two types of alleles: Dominant alleles and Recessive alleles.

A dominant allele is expressed physically while a recessive allele is the trait that is masked. If both alleles are present, the dominant allele usually masks the recessive allele. This phenomenon is called complete dominance. There are some traits where both alleles are equally expressed, which is called co-dominance.

Genotype is the set of genes present in an organism that is responsible for specific traits. Phenotype on the other hand is the physical expression of the trait, which depends on the genotype of the organism.

Alleles come in pairs, they could either be homozygous or heterozygous.

Homozygous pairs consist of either 2 dominant alleles or 2 recessive alleles. The genotype would look something like this:

2 dominant :RR                 or     2 recessive: rr

Heterozygous pairs consist of non-identical alleles, or it has one dominant and one recessive allele. So the genotype would look like this:

Rr

Finally, hybrid is the cross-breeding of two different species that are genetically different. There are many examples of hybrid species like the liger and the mule. The resulting off springs express traits that are different than both parents.