Which of the following is an inherited disease that is due to a base substitution mutation in a gene?
1 answer:
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Answer and Explanation:
Achondroplasia is a form of dwarfism that affects the formation of cartilage; early in development, most of the skeleton is comprised of cartilage. Cartilage is a type of flexible, tough tissue; in achondroplasia ossification (conversion of cartilage to bone) is affected. Symptoms include an enlarged head, shorter upper and lower limbs, and limited motion at the elbow.
Punnett squares are illustrations that display the product of hybrid trait crosses by genetic breeding.
For this cross...
Assuming Achondroplasia= dominant
Parent generation or P generation:
gametes: An → Achondroplasia dominant (A), No Achondroplasia recessive (n)
Heterozygousity describes the allelic makeup; these traits comprise two varying forms of a gene. However, homozygous traits comprise identical forms of the gene.
Male: An → with Achondroplasia
Female: nn → without Achondroplasia
genotypes and phenotypes for parent and offspring...
Assuming heterozygousity of the male , for the cross
P generation: An × nn
Achondroplasia × No Achondroplasia
F1 generation:
genotype: An × nn ...(from punnet square)
phenotype: 2 with Achondroplasia ; 2 without
∴ 50% are genotypically heterozygous while 50% is homozygous , 2 with Achondroplasia ; 2 without
→ Darwin believed that the need to adapt, in similar words, the changes occruing in the environment caused evolution.
The main cause of evolution, according to Darwin, was natural selection. Natural selection is a process in which a group of organisms with certain characteristics survive and thrive, in comparison to other organisms with different characteristics. This idea basically means that having some characteristics makes you suited for an environment.
And how would that ↑ explain Evolution?
Well, evolution is the change in species that occurs during time. But for you to change, there must be a cause for that change, which is none other than the need to survive, reproduce, etc.
→ As mentioned before, not all characteristics are enough to surive, and hopefully the image pasted below will help you.
Hope it helped,
BioTeacher101
