The answer to this question would be: by producing buffer
The pH of optimal growth of bacteria might be different. Some bacteria can grow in an acid condition called acidophile, other live in base condition called alkaliphiles and the rest live in neutral pH condition called neutrophiles. The bacteria can maintain their internal pH by producing acid, base or buffer. If the surrounding pH is too acid, the bacteria can reduce the H+ concentration by producing base. If the condition is too alkali/base, the bacteria can produce acid by doing fermentation.
<h2>Sodium channels </h2>
Explanation:
Depolarization is a result of sodium channels opening as a result of chemical or pressure-based stimuli
- Depolarization starts when a threshold stimulus applied on a neuron via Na+ mechanically operated channels that trigger action potential
- Action potential is an efficient signaling process by which distantly located cells communicate to each other
- Depolarization of membrane potential is due to influx of Na+ via voltage gated Na+ channels
- Fast opening of voltage gated Na+ channel shifts membrane potential from -70mV to + 50mV at which voltage gated Na+ channels become inactive thus influx of Na+ abruptly stops
