Answer:

Las organizaciones de artesanos de la Edad Media que buscaban regular el precio y la calidad de productos como el tejido y la herrería se conocían como gremios. Los gremios sobrevivieron hasta el siglo XVIII.

Answer:
From the era of Reconstruction to the end of the 19th century, the United States underwent an economic transformation marked by the maturing of the industrial economy, the rapid expansion of big business.
Explanation:
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Answer: Peninsulares
Explanation: They were Spanish-born settlers, but they lived in America, held the principal administrative, military, and religious positions, and also represented the Spanish Crown's political-administrative interest in the lands of the American continent. They held the high and profitable positions of political and ecclesiastical administration, they also owned mines and farms. The prestige and responsibilities directed at them were only possible for those who were born in Spain.
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