Urine is transported from the bladder to the outside of the body by the

1 answer:

8 0

The answer is urethra.

It is known that the kidneys are responsible for filtration of metabolic wastes from the blood and form urine. Urine is transported through the ureters to the urinary bladder. From the urinary bladder, urine is transported to the outside of the body by the urethra.

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Compare and contrast prophase of mitosis and prophase of meiosis1?

Crazy boy [7]

Answer:

The homologous chromosomes pair together in prophase 1 of meiosis, but they do not during prophase 1 of mitosis. This is achieved by a process known as synapsis, where the similar chromosomes pair according to sequence similarity. The homologous chromosomes are held together by a protein structure known as the synaptonemal complex in a chromosome body known as a tetrad (because it contains 4 replicated chromosomes known as chromatids) or bivalent (if the organism is diploid). This pairing during prophase 1 of meiosis allows recombination to take place between the homologous chromosomes. This occurs early during prophase but the manifestation of recombination only becomes visible during the later stages of prophase 1 and in metaphase 1. Because the chromosomes adopt different structures during prophase 1 of meiosis, this stage is sub-divided into 5 stages: leptotene, zygotene, packytene, diplotene and diakinesis. It is during diplotene and diakinesis that the physical manifestation of recombination can be seen. This is the presence of chiasmata (chiasma, singular). These are the sites where recombination, or exchanges between homologous chromosomes, has taken place. By the end of prophase 1, it is only the chiasmata that holds the homologous chromosomes together. This constriction make the tetrads adopt a variety of structures, the shape of which depends upon the number of chiasmata formed. The tetrads stay in this conformation until metaphase 1. Synapsis, the formation of the synaptonemal complex, the formation of chiasmata does not take place during prophase 1 of mitosis and these processes represent the major differences between prophase of the two nuclear divisions.

3 0

3 years ago

How many possible open reading frames (frames without stop codons) are there that extend through the following sequence? 5'... C

fenix001 [56]

Answer:

There are 4 reading frames without stop codons.

Explanation:

1) To find the possible reading frames you need to separate your sequence in codons (trios) for the 5'-> 3' sense, first, excluding the first nucleotide, then excluding 2 nucleotides and then not excluding nucleotides.

5'... C TTA CAG TTT ATT GAT ACG GAG AAG G... 3' NO STOP CODON

5'... CT TAC AGT TTA TTG ATA CGG AGA AGG... 3' NO STOP CODON

5'... CTT ACA GTT TAT TGA TAC GGA GAA GG... 3'

2)Then you find the complementary sequence (which you already have)

3'... GAA TGT CAA ATA ACT ATG CCT CTT CC... 5'

3'... GA ATG TCA AAT AAC TAT GCC TCT TCC... 5'

3'... G AAT GTC AAA TAA CTA TGC CTC TTC C... 5'

3) Next, you have to obtain the reverse complementary

CCT TCT CCG TAT CAA TAA ACT GTA AG NO STOP CODON

CC TTC TCC GTA TCA ATA AAC TGT AAG NO STOP CODON

C CTT CTC CGT ATC AAT AAA CTG TAA G

4)Now you need to find start (AGT in terms of DNA) and stop codons(TAA, TAG, TGA, also in terms of DNA), in 5->3 and de reverse complementary.

As you can see, you have for open reading frames that lack of stop codon, unfortunately, they also lack of AGT, the start codon.

I added a table where you can find thestart and stop codons as well as the proteins that they translate to in terms of RNA.

I hope you find this information interesting and useful, good luck!

8 0

3 years ago

PLEASE HELP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

coldgirl [10]

Answer:

I'm not sure but I think it should be the enzyme inhibitor binds to the products of the reaction which makes the enzyme unproductive

Explanation:

By binding to enzymes' active sites, inhibitors reduce the compatibility of substrate and enzyme and this leads to the inhibition of Enzyme-Substrate complexes' formation, preventing the catalyzation of reactions and decreasing (at times to zero) the amount of product produced by a reaction. It can be said that as the concentration of enzyme inhibitors increases, the rate of enzyme activity decreases, and thus, the amount of product produced is inversely proportional to the concentration of inhibitor molecules. Since blocking an enzyme's activity can kill a pathogen or correct a metabolic imbalance, many drugs are enzyme inhibitors. The binding of an inhibitor can stop a substrate from entering the enzyme's active site and/or hinder the enzyme from catalyzing its reaction. Inhibitor binding is either reversible or irreversible. Irreversible inhibitors usually react with the enzyme and change it chemically (e.g. via covalent bond formation).

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