The right answer is: The antibodies mistakenly identify the cells as foreign material.
The role of an antibody is to recognize a foreign antigen in order to neutralize it. They can achieve this thanks to the great specificity of their paratope, which recognizes only a very precise part of the antigen: the epitope. As soon as an antibody recognizes an epitope, the B lymphocyte that codes for that specific antibody multiplies and matures in order to synthesize the same antibodies, useful in large quantities.
The phenomenon described in the question is an autoimmunity mediated by autoantibodies.
An autoantibody is an antibody produced by the immune system and directed against one or more proteins of the individual himself
Many autoimmune diseases are due to the presence of these autoantibodies, but the presence of autoantibodies is not necessarily synonymous with such a disease.
Some scientists say that they could have a beneficial role in cleaning up cell debris resulting from a disease.
The way in which these autoantibodies are produced, their precise role, and the reason why they decrease in individuals with certain diseases, are all issues that remain unresolved.
Using the graph provided with the question, we are able to find that that for a concentration of 270 micromol per kilogram, the calcification rate is 20 mmol calcium carbonate per meter squared per day.
Using this calcification rate,
30 = 20 * 1 * days
days = 1.5
The deposition will require 1.5 days.
From the deepest to most superficial: pia mater, arahnoid, dura mater
The given statement is False.
The bacterial cells walls are composed of peptidoglycan, also known as murein. It comprises polysaccharide chains cross-linked by unusual peptides, involving D-amino acids. The bacterial cell walls are distinct from cell walls of fungi and plants that are made up of chitin and cellulose, respectively.
The cell walls in bacteria allow small molecules to pass through them freely, however, do not permit large molecules to pass through them, in this manner, it function as a coarse filter.
The main function of the cells wall is to sustain the shape of the cell and inhibit the cell from bursting due to osmotic pressure. The cell wall allows the components to pass, which are essential for bacterial nutrition.
Answer:Four spheres of earth are:1)Lithosphere(land) 2)Hydrosphere(water) 3)Biosphere(living things) 4)Atmosphere(air).
Energy and matter flow through Earth's four spheres.Energy flows through the atmosphere and hydrosphere mostly by convection.The continuous cycling of matter and energy through earth's system makes life on earth possible .Others are driven by energy from the sun.
Explanation:
