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A stock (also known as equity) is a security that represents the ownership of a fraction of a corporation. This entitles the owner of the stock to a proportion of the corporation's assets and profits equal to how much stock they own. Units of stock are called "shares."
Stocks are bought and sold predominantly on stock exchanges (though there can be private sales as well) and are the foundation of many individual investors' portfolios. These transactions have to conform to government regulations that are meant to protect investors from fraudulent practices. Historically, they have outperformed most other investments over the long run. These investments can be purchased from most online stockbrokers
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Answer:
Alex may have to lower the price to convince Clara to buy a second slice.
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Marginal utility is an economic concept that says that a consumer recieves more marginal utility in the first consumption of a good or services than in the second and the subsequents. In fact with each consumption the marginal utility reduces, this effect is known as diminishing marginal utility.
One of the the methods to reduce the effects of the diminishing marginal utility is to reduces prices. As the utility of a product decreases as its consumption increases, consumers are willing to pay smaller amount of money for more of the product.
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If both companies have the sames sales volume, total costs and income from operations, the reason why Gouda has a lower break even point is that their variable costs are lower. We use the contribution margin per unit to calculate the break even point and the contribution margin per unit = sales price - variable costs. The question states that total costs are equal, but it doesn't say anything about variable or fixed costs.
Assuming that Gouda is above break even point, each sale will generate a higher operating profit since the contribution margin is higher.
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