Answer:
mediation
Explanation:
The Writers Guild of America and the film studios used a mediator when they started their negotiations. The mediator is an impartial third party that is present during the negotiations and tries to help both parties reach an agreement or settlement. The decisions taken by the mediator are not mutually binding so any party can accept or reject them. A mediator only helps to solve the problem, offers possible solutions, but shouldn't decide anything.
In order for the decisions taken by the third to be binding, the third party must be an arbitrator. In an arbitration process all parties involved must accept the decision of the arbitrator.
Answer:
Jones is liable to pay.
He is liable to pay to the tune of $1000. This may be negotiated however if it is not fair.
Explanation:
See the following points
- The question above is an example of Implied At-law contracts. (We will get to the definition of this in a bit).
- A contract is a legally binding agreement that recognises and governs the rights and duties of the parties to the agreement. A contract is legally enforceable because it meets the requirements and approval of<u> the Law</u>. From the above definition it is clear that two people may actually be engaging in a contract without knowing it.
- The law defines that a contract is.
- Contracts may be Express or Implied.
- Express contracts are simply contracts that are stated expressly, or openly, in either writing or orally, at the time of contract formation.
- Implied contracts are created when two or more parties have no written contract.
- There are two types of implied contracts:
- Implied In-Fact Contracts: these are contracts which create an obligation between the parties based on the facts of the situation. For example, assume your neighbor hires you to wash his car every Friday for the entire holidays. You wash your neighbor’s car for the first four weekends of the holidays and get paid on Friday morning each time. The fifth Friday you wash the car and when you arrive at your neighbor’s house for your pay, your neighbor refuses to pay you. The law will infer that there is a contract between you and your neighbor, even though you never put anything in writing. This is an implied in-fact contract.
2. The other type of Implied contract is that which is Implied At-Law
In the case between Jones and Smith, the law imposes a duty to perform a contract, and will enforce such a contract even against a person’s will, where the situation is such that without this legal intervention, one party would be <u>unfairly enriched</u> or advantaged by another party’s action.
- In the question above, Smith is a CPA. He is qualified in every respect to carry out Professional Tax services. His services may be relied upon with a great degree of confidence.
- If Jones had not filed those tax returns, he probably would have lost monies that should have accrued to him from the government.
This type of agreement is also considered a quasi-contract. A quasi-contract occurs where the law imposes an obligation upon the parties where in fact the parties did not intend to enter into a contract and made no promise to perform.
However, because one party would be unjustly enriched by another party’s action, the beneficiary of those actions must make restitution or pay fair value for the services provided, even though there was never any intention to enter into an agreement.
Cheers!
Answer:
Explanation:
Price is sum of:
1. Present value of expected dividend payments during 1-4 years;
2. Present value of the expected market price at the end of the fourth year based on growth at 5%.
Present value of expected dividend payments during 1-4 years:
PV1 = 3*(1+0.30)*0.8929 = 3.90*0.8929 = $3.482
*0.8929 = 1/1.12
PV2 = 3.90*1.30*0.7972 = 5.07*0.7972 = $4.042
PV3 = 5.07*1.30*0.7118 = 6.591*0.7118 = $4.691
PV4 = 6.591*1.30*0.6355 = 8.5683*0.6355 = $5.445
Total = $17.661
Present value of the expected market price at the end of the fourth year:
Market price of the share at the end = 5th year dividend/(Required rate of return - growth rate)
5th year dividend = $8.5683*(1+growth rate) = $8.5683*(1+0.05) = $9
Market price of the share at the end = $9/(0.12-0.05) = $128.57
Present value of $128.57 is 128.57*0.6355(present value interest factor for year 4) = $81.7
So the price of share is $17.661+$81.7 = $99.37
The Board of Governors, the Federal<span> Open Market Committee, and 12 regional </span>reserve<span> banks.</span>
Answer:
B. Joint Stock Company
Explanation:
A few information provided in the question give good clues to the kind of business organisation being run. First, it is a business held in the names of its members, secondly, they are shareholders and thirdly, they hold personal liabilities in the business. This are features of a Joint Stock Company
A Joint Stock company is a business organisation is a vouluntary association of persons, where the capital is divided into transferable shares and these are the basis and condition of membership of the business organisation. The purpose of this organisation is primarily profit making.
A key feature of a Joint Stock Company is also featured in the question and this is the personal liability or liability limited to the member's share or ownership in the business organisation
Although this can be confused with the Joint Venture, a joint venture is simply an agreement betwen two organisations to come together to carry on business with pre-agreed rate of shareholding.
A Syndicate on the other hand is a group of companies, individuals or coroporations self-organised to carry out a specific business or pursue a shared interest.
Finally, a business trust is one in which there are investors and trustees. The investors receive certificates of beneficial interests which are transferable while the trustees adminster the business on behalf of the investors.
